Aiming at the problem of signal interruption and communication security caused by the fact that avionics equipment interface may pay too much attention to real-time and ignore data overflow during asynchronous switching, a general bus type avionics equipment interface asynchronous control method based on whale optimization algorithm is proposed. According to the communication requirements of avionics equipment, set constraints on the interface communication time and the proportion of communication interfaces, and establish a bus interface adaptive conversion scheme; According to the asynchronous requirements of interface conversion, the interface asynchronous conversion control framework is designed; In order to maximize the reliability of communication data flow transmission between devices, the mathematical model of asynchronous control optimization of device interface is constructed, and the whale optimization algorithm is introduced to solve the model. By simulating the process of whale population mutation surrounding prey, cross net bubble attack, and random walk searching prey, the optimal asynchronous control scheme of bus type avionics device interface is obtained, and the asynchronous control of interface is realized. The experimental results show that: after the application of this method for interface asynchronous control, the port conversion efficiency is more than 80%, the maximum successful access rate of avionics equipment after control can reach 0.99, and the communication network throughput of avionics equipment can reach 124mbps, which can better meet the communication requirements of avionics system.