With the development of the global economy, the tobacco industry plays an important role in improving production efficiency and product quality. A research has proposed an automated monitoring system for tobacco equipment operation faults based on laser sensing technology, aimed at addressing the needs and challenges of tobacco equipment operation fault monitoring. The system uses a three-dimensional laser Doppler vibrometer to collect multidimensional vibration signals, and processes these signals using Fourier transform to generate data encryption sequences and Zadoff Chu sequences. The experimental results show that the research method has significant advantages in measurement accuracy, with an average difference of 0.02mm from the measured values of standard vibration signals. In terms of maintaining the vibration mode of the equipment, the difference between its vibration amplitude and the vibration amplitude in the sensorless state shall not exceed 0.15mm. And the research method showed the highest accuracy in detecting specific types of faults, with an average of 98.27%. The research method can effectively improve the accuracy and response speed of fault detection, reduce maintenance costs, and is of great significance for improving the production efficiency of the tobacco industry.