In the electronic warfare environment, radar signal propagation is complex, and it is easily affected by initial values and local extremum in positioning, which can lead to getting stuck in local optimal solutions and obtaining inaccurate positioning results, resulting in limited positioning accuracy and large positioning errors of LPI radar signals. To this end, an improved cuckoo algorithm is utilized to optimize the design of passive location methods for LPI radar signals. Considering the generation and propagation environment of LPI radar signals, receiving radar signals, extracting radar signal features from spatial dimensions, and sorting out the LPI radar signal part of the received radar signal based on the feature matching degree between the received signal and the LPI radar signal. By adjusting the transmission power and filtering the time, the enhancement and interference suppression of LPI radar signals are completed. Using the processed LPI radar signal as the processing object, generate a signal beam and derive the beam direction. Obtain the initial signal positioning value based on the transmission speed of the radar signal along the derived beam direction. Input the initial positioning value into the improved cuckoo algorithm, select the Latin hypercube sampling method to generate cuckoo initial samples, in order to cover the search space more comprehensively and make each cuckoo individual a positioning error. Use the Levy flight mechanism for global search, adjust the step size factor to improve the global search ability, and use the simulated annealing mechanism to determine the probability of cuckoo position update results being accepted, avoiding cuckoo search falling into local optima. Retain the position corresponding to the accepted and maximum fitness value as the optimal solution of the improved cuckoo algorithm, and use it as the initial positioning error. Adjust the positioning value based on the initial positioning value to obtain the passive accurate positioning result of LPI radar signal. The conclusion drawn from performance testing experiments is that, in both normal and electronic warfare environments, the optimized design method significantly reduces the positioning error and dispersion compared to traditional positioning methods.