In the electronic steering system of automobiles, there is friction and damping between the moving components (such as bearings, gears, etc.) in the motor and reduction gear mechanism, which can lead to delayed system response. To ensure the electronic steering accuracy and safety of high-precision vehicles, an optimized design of a high-precision automotive electronic steering automatic control system based on fuzzy PID is proposed. Modify torque and angular displacement sensors, executive motors and drivers, and steering automatic controllers, using filtering circuits, power supply and component decoupling, etc. to ensure relative independence between hardware components and complete hardware system optimization. Based on the driving conditions and targets of the car, determine the electronic steering target, detect high-precision real-time turning angles of the car, and automatically calculate the steering control amount through comparison. Using fuzzy PID technology to generate automotive electronic steering control commands, executing control commands under the controller, reducing friction and damping in the motor and reduction gear mechanism, and achieving high-precision automotive electronic steering automatic control function of the system. Through system testing experiments, it has been concluded that compared with traditional control systems, the optimized design system reduces the steering angle control error by about 0.3 °, while significantly improving the driving safety of the vehicle.