高超声速飞行器雷达回波强度测试技术
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航空工业成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司

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Testing technology for radar echo intensity of hypersonic aircraft
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    摘要:

    为实现对高超声速飞行器的有效探测,雷达需发射高功率信号以克服飞行器高速飞行带来的信号衰减。这种长时间高功率运行会使雷达发射组件中的电子器件因承受较大功率负荷而产生热量积聚,引发天线增益下降,导致雷达对目标回波信号的接收能力,使回波强度测试结果出现偏差。针对该问题,提出了基于相控阵的高超声速飞行器雷达回波强度测试技术。结合高稳定频率源产生频率和正交相位解调处理的正交参考信号,通过相位解调可逆性,重构原始的雷达回波信号。设计相控阵雷达系统结构,通过波束赋形、空时自适应处理压制干扰,利用单光束相控阵技术高效追踪探测目标,基于新波束形成方法实现波束灵活电子扫描。建立光强相关性校验标定回波强度,对各单元特征参数定标,克服热量积聚导致天线增益下降等问题,保证回波强度测试准确可靠。由实验结果可知,该技术雷达散射截面四点坐标分别为(-200m,150m)、(-300m,-300m)、(300m,300m)、(200m,150m),方位向为0时的回波信号幅度最大为0dB,回波信号相位最大值为最大值为150°,最小值为30°,获取的结果均与实验指标一致,具有良好的测试效果。

    Abstract:

    To achieve effective detection of hypersonic aircraft, radar needs to emit high-power signals to overcome signal attenuation caused by high-speed flight of the aircraft. This long-term high-power operation will cause the electronic components in the radar transmission component to accumulate heat due to the high power load, resulting in a decrease in antenna gain and the radar"s ability to receive target echo signals, leading to deviations in the echo intensity test results. A phased array based radar echo intensity testing technology for hypersonic aircraft has been proposed to address this issue. By combining a high stable frequency source to generate frequency and orthogonal phase demodulation processed orthogonal reference signals, the original radar echo signal is reconstructed through phase demodulation reversibility. Design phased array radar system structure, suppress interference through beamforming and space-time adaptive processing, efficiently track and detect targets using single beam phased array technology, and achieve beam flexible electronic scanning based on new beamforming methods. Establish light intensity correlation verification and calibration of echo intensity, calibrate the characteristic parameters of each unit, overcome the problem of antenna gain decrease caused by heat accumulation, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of echo intensity testing. According to the experimental results, the four point coordinates of the radar cross section of this technology are (-200m, 150m), (-300m, -300m), (300m, 300m), and (200m, 150m), respectively. When the azimuth is 0, the maximum amplitude of the echo signal is 0dB, the maximum phase of the echo signal is 150 °, and the minimum is 30 °. The obtained results are consistent with the experimental indicators and have good testing effects.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-07-15
  • 最后修改日期:2025-09-03
  • 录用日期:2025-09-03
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