To address the high power consumption caused by traditional multi-antenna configurations for transceiving in Ka-band satellite communication systems, a novel magnetoelectric dipole antenna unit has been proposed. The design features two L-shaped feeding structures with different heights that alternately feed the dipole in the time domain. The electric dipole and magnetic dipole are vertically arranged and analyzed through vector superposition, achieving directional radiation with low backward radiation and high gain. The electric dipole patch is optimized from conventional rectangular form to a leaf-shaped configuration with central perforation, expanding the operational bandwidth from 17.14 GHz to 32.9 GHz. The antenna demonstrates a relative bandwidth of 63% under the condition of standing wave ratio (SWR) ≤ 2, with a maximum gain of 7.23 dBi. Notably, it achieves nearly double-frequency operation while maintaining backward radiation below -20 dBi. This broadband performance covering both uplink and downlink Ka-band satellite communication frequencies enables the development of transceiver-integrated antennas, effectively reducing system complexity and power consumption through antenna quantity minimization.