The connectivity and stability of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm communication network nodes are crucial for ensuring the effectiveness of swarm operations. A distributed design method for UAV communication network node distribution based on optimal cluster coverage control is proposed to adapt the UAV networking communication hinges to more combat scenarios. A UAV node sensor information acquisition model is constructed, and a wireless sensor fusion tracking and identification method is employed to achieve the design of the cluster link model for UAV communication networking. Adaptive control of node rotation scheduling is realized based on the coverage radius of UAV swarm node pheromones. The optimal cluster coverage is used as the optimization objective, and the best control routing protocol for node networking is designed based on the analysis of the balanced benefit of node communication links. A swarm bionic optimization algorithm is employed to achieve the optimal deployment design of UAV communication network nodes. Simulation results show that using this method for UAV communication network node distribution and deployment design improves the data forwarding balance and accuracy of the swarm communication network, reduces the interference rate of communication link transmission, and achieves the maximum coverage efficiency of the network.