基于非线性拟合的自动气象站风向传感器校准控制研究
2023,31(7):313-319
摘要：风向传感器是自动气象站的重要组成元件，由于其运行数据存在的噪声与缺失问题导致测量误差增加，因此设计基于非线性拟合的自动气象站风向传感器校准控制方法。分析自动气象站风向传感器的组成结构和工作原理，构建自动气象站等效模型。采用循环采集的方式获取风向传感器的实时运行数据，通过滤波、缺失补偿等步骤完成数据预处理。以数据预处理结合为基础，利用非线性拟合技术计算风向传感器误差，通过装设风向传感器校准控制器，完成风向传感器校准控制。实验结果表明，所设计方法与传统校准控制方法相比传感器的测量误差降低了0.759°，误差变化率有所下降，即证明了该方法的自动气象站风向传感器校准控制效果好。
关键词：非线性拟合；自动气象站；风向传感器；校准控制；循环采集；数据滤波；缺失补偿
Research on calibration control of wind direction sensor in automatic weather station based on nonlinear fitting
Abstract：The wind direction sensor is an important component of the automatic weather station. Due to the noise and lack of its operation data, the measurement error increases. Therefore, the calibration control method of the wind direction sensor of the automatic weather station based on nonlinear fitting is designed. The structure and working principle of the wind direction sensor of the automatic weather station are analyzed, and the equivalent model of the automatic weather station is constructed. The real-time operation data of the wind direction sensor is obtained by means of cyclic collection, and the data preprocessing is completed through filtering, missing compensation and other steps. Based on the combination of data preprocessing, the wind direction sensor error is calculated using nonlinear fitting technology, and the wind direction sensor calibration control is completed by installing the wind direction sensor calibration controller. The experimental results show that the measurement error of the sensor is reduced by 0.759 ° and the error change rate is decreased compared with the traditional calibration control method, which proves that the calibration control effect of the wind direction sensor of the automatic weather station is good.
Key words：Nonlinear fitting; Automatic weather station; Wind direction sensor; Calibration control; Cyclic acquisition; Data filtering; Missing compensation
收稿日期：2023-03-10
基金项目：山西省气象局面上科研项，编号：SXKMSTC20236316
