物联网与自动气象站深度融合方法研究
2022,30(3):217-221
摘要：为了提高传统自动气象站的安装灵活性、隔离性和智能化水平，并且发展数据服务的即时性、本地化和多样性功能，以自动气象站数据流传输特点和多种无线组网技术特点为研究对象，提出了物联网技术与智能化自动气象站的融合方法。采用ZigBee自动连接功能，融合站点管理和观测自组网技术可提高传感器安装位置的灵活性和观测扩展的能力。采用低时延的5G网络传输实现实时的数据质量闭环控制，集成的WiFi热点与订阅式数据Web访问架构结合，为用户智能终端即时应用提供便捷的方式。基于本方法制作了样机进行实验验证，结果表明，融合方法合理地利用了不同无线网络类型和带宽，实现10s内快速组网和20m内多连接的稳定WiFi服务，且在1min内完成数据远程闭环质量控制。物联网化自动气象站在复杂的城市观测环境中具有很强的适应能力和应用价值，其融合方法可以为传统设备的更新换代提供参考。
关键词：自动气象站;物联化;自组网;闭环质控
Research on deep fusion method of Internet of things and Automatic Weather Station
Abstract：In order to improve the installation flexibility, isolation and intelligence of traditional Automatic Weather Stations, and develop the real-time, localization and diversity functions of data services, taking the characteristics of data stream in AWS and the characteristics of various wireless networking technologies as research objects, a fusion method of Internet of things technology and intelligent AWS is proposed. Using automatic connection of ZigBee, site management method and ad hoc network technology, flexibility of sensor installation position and expansibility of AWS can be improved. 5G network with low delay is adopted to realize real-time closed-loop control of data quality. Built-in WiFi hotspot and subscription data access architecture provide a convenient way for real-time application by web in user’s intelligent terminal. A prototype is made for experimental verification, results show that the fusion method makes rational use of IOT network types and bandwidths, realizes rapid networking within 10s and stable WiFi service with multiple connections within 20m, and completes remote closed-loop data quality control within 1min. IOT Automatic Weather Station has strong adaptability and application value in complex urban observation environment. This fusion method can provide reference for the renewal of traditional equipment.
Key words：Automatic Weather Station; Internet of things; ad hoc network; closed-loop quality control
收稿日期：2021-09-08
基金项目：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0101130021),广东省气象局科学技术研究重点项目(GRMC2020Z04)
